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A more recent version of this article appeared on October 27, 2000
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print August 14, 2000
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M005447200
Submitted on June 21, 2000
Revised on August 8, 2000
Accepted on August 14, 2000

Regulation of the human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene by transcriptional coactivators CBP and p300

Kishor K. Bhakat and Sankar Mitra

Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555

Corresponding Author: samitra{at}utmb.edu

O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)1, a ubiquitous DNA repair protein, removes O6 alkylguanine from DNA, including cytotoxic O6 - chloroethylguanine induced by chemotherapeutic N- alkyl N-nitrosourea-type drugs, e.g., 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Tumor cell resistance to BCNU could be often correlated to its MGMT level, which varies widely in different tumor cells. Treating the pancreatic carcinoma cell line MIA PaCa-2 with trichostatin A (TSA), a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase, increased MGMT mRNA and protein levels by 2-3 fold. Surprisingly, TSA treatment increased MGMT promoter-dependent luciferase activity by some 40- fold in a transient reporter expression assay. Deletion and point mutation analysis showed that two AP-1 binding sites in the promoter are involved in promoter activation by TSA. Ectopic expression of the transcriptional coactivators CBP (CREB binding protein) and p300, which have intrinsic histone acetyltransferease (HAT) activity, enhanced luciferase expression. Overexpression of adenovirus E1A, which binds CBP/p300, strongly inhibited both basal and TSA-inducible MGMT promoter activity, while a mutant E1A, defective in binding CBP/p300, did not. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that TSA treatment increased histone acetylation in the endogenous MGMT promoter region, which also showed association with CBP/p300. Taken together, our results suggest that targeted histone acetylation results in the remodeling of chromatin by recruitment of the coactivator CBP/p300 and constitute an important step in regulating MGMT expression.


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