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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print September 17, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M206829200
Submitted on July 9, 2002
Revised on August 28, 2002
Accepted on September 17, 2002

Transcriptional activity among high- and low-risk human papillomavirus E2 proteins correlates with E2-DNA binding

Samuel Y. Hou, Shwu-Yuan Wu, and Cheng-Ming Chiang

Biochemistry Dept., Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, W409, Cleveland, OH 44106-4935

Corresponding Author: c-chiang{at}biochemistry.cwru.edu

The full-length E2 protein, encoded by human papillomaviruses (HPVs), is a sequence-specific transcription factor found in all HPVs, including cancer-causing high-risk HPV types 16 and 18, and wart-inducing low-risk HPV types 6 and 11. To investigate whether E2 proteins encoded by high-risk HPVs may function differentially from E2 proteins encoded by low-risk HPVs and animal papillomaviruses, we conducted comparative DNA-binding and transcription studies using electrophoretic mobility shift assays and cell-free transcription systems reconstituted with purified general transcription factors, cofactor, RNA polymerase II and with E2 proteins encoded by HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-11 and bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1). We found that although different types of E2 proteins all exhibited transactivation and repression activities, depending on the sequence context of the E2-binding sites, HPV-16 E2 shows stronger transcription activity and greater DNA-binding affinity than those displayed by the other E2 proteins. Surprisingly, HPV-18 E2 behaves more similarly to BPV-1 E2 than HPV-16 E2 in their functional properties. Our studies thus categorize HPV-18 E2 and BPV-1 E2 in the same protein family, a finding consistent with the available E2 structural data which separate the closely related HPV-16 and HPV-18 E2 proteins but classify together the more divergent BPV-1 and HPV-18 E2 proteins.


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