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A more recent version of this article appeared on November 27, 2002
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M207442200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print September 26, 2002
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M207442200
Submitted on July 24, 2002
Revised on September 24, 2002
Accepted on September 26, 2002

Identification of a multifunctional binding site on Ubc9p required for Smt3p conjugation

Kalman P. Bencsath, Michael S. Podgorski, Vishwajeeth R. Pagala, Clive A. Slaughter, and Brenda A. Schulman

Structural Biology and Genetics/Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105

Corresponding Author: brenda.schulman{at}stjude.org

Ubiquitin-like proteins (ub-lps) are conjugated by a conserved enzymatic pathway, involving ATP-dependent activation at the C-terminus by an activating enzyme (E1) and formation of a thiolester intermediate with a conjugating enzyme (E2) prior to ligation to the target. Ubc9, the E2 for SUMO, synthesizes polymeric chains in the presence of its E1 and MgATP. In order to better understand conjugation of ub-lps, we have performed mutational analysis of S. cerevisiae Ubc9p, which conjugates the SUMO family member Smt3p. We have identified Ubc9p surfaces involved in thiolester bond and Smt3p-Smt3p chain formation. The residues involved in thiolester bond formation map to a surface we show is the E1 binding site, and E2s for other ub-lps are likely to bind to their E1s at a homologous site. We also find that this same surface binds Smt3p. A mutation that impairs binding to E1 but not Smt3p impairs thiolester bond formation, suggesting that it is the E1 interaction at this site that is crucial. Interestingly, other E2s and their relatives also use this same surface for binding to ubiquitin, E3s and other proteins, revealing this to be a multipurpose binding site, and suggesting that the entire E1-E2-E3 pathway has coevolved for a given ub-lp.


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