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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print August 8, 2003
DRDC-CEA, INSERM E-9931, Grenoble 9 38054
Corresponding Author: moutin{at}dsvgre.cea.fr
Cyclic ADP-ribose, a metabolite of NAD+, is known to modulate intracellular calcium levels and signaling in various cell types, including neural cells. The enzymes responsible for producing cADPR in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells remains unknown, however two mammalian enzymes that are capable of producing cADPR extracellularly have been identified, CD38 and CD157. The present study investigated whether an ADP-ribosyl cyclase/NAD+-glycohydrolase independent of CD38 is present in brain tissue. To address this question, NAD+ metabolizing activities were accurately examined in developing and adult Cd38-/- mouse brain protein extracts and cells. Low ADP-ribosyl cyclase and NAD+-glycohydrolase activities (in the range of pmoles of product formed per mg of protein and per min) were detected in Cd38-/- brain at all developmental stages studied. Both activities were found to be associated with cell membranes. The activities were significantly higher in Triton X-100 treated neural cells compared to intact cells, suggesting an intracellular location of the novel cyclase. The cyclase and glycohydrolase activities were optimal at pH 6.0 and were inhibited by zinc, properties which are distinct from those of CD157. Both activities were enhanced by GTP-g-S, a result suggesting that the novel enzyme may be regulated by a G protein-dependent mechanism. Altogether, our results indicate the presence of an intracellular membrane-bound ADP-ribosyl cyclase/NAD+-glycohydrolase distinct from CD38 and from CD157 in mouse brain. This novel enzyme, which is more active in the developing brain than in the adult tissue, may play an important role in cyclic ADP-ribose-mediated calcium signaling during brain development but also in adult tissue.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M301196200
Submitted on February 4, 2003
Revised on July 4, 2003
Accepted on August 8, 2003
Evidence for an intracellular ADP-ribosyl cyclase/NAD+-glycohydrolase in brain from CD38 deficient mice
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