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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print November 18, 2003
Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056
Corresponding Author: Alvaro.Puga{at}UC.EDU
Co-contamination with complex mixtures of carcinogenic metals, such as chromium, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a common environmental problem with multiple biological consequences. Chromium exposure alters inducible gene expression, forms chromium-DNA adducts and chromium-DNA cross-links, and disrupts transcriptional activator/coactivator complexes. We have previously shown that exposure of mouse hepatoma Hepa-1 cells to chromate inhibits the induction of the Cyp1a1 and Nqo1 genes by dioxin. Here, we have teste the hypothesis that chromium blocks gene expression by interfering with the assembly of productive transcriptional complexes at the promoter of inducible genes. To this end, we have studied the effects of chromium on the expression of genes induced by B[a]P, another AHR agonist, and characterized the disruption of Cyp1a1 transcriptional induction by chromium. Gene expression profiling using high density microarray analysis revealed that the inhibitory effect of chromium on B[a]P-dependent gene induction was generalized, affecting the induction of over 50 different genes involved in a variety of signaling transduction pathways. The inhibitory effect of chromium on Cyp1a1 transcription was found to depend on the presence of promoter-proximal sequences and not on the cis-acting enhancer sequences that bind the AHT/ARNT complex. Using transient reporter assays and ChIP analyses, we found that chromium prevented the B[a]P-dependent release of HDAC-1 from Cyp1a1 chromatin and blocked p300 recruitment. These results provide a mechanistic explanation for the observation that chromium inhibits inducible, but not constitutive gene expression.
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M310800200
Submitted on October 1, 2003
Revised on November 11, 2003
Accepted on November 18, 2003
Chromium inhibits transcription from PAH-inducible promoters by blocking the release of HDAC and preventing the binding of p300 to chromatin
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