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A more recent version of this article appeared on September 24, 2004
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M405299200v1
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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print July 4, 2004
J. Biol. Chem, 10.1074/jbc.M405299200
Submitted on May 12, 2004
Revised on June 24, 2004
Accepted on July 4, 2004

Domains formed within the N-terminal region of the quorum-sensing activator TraR are required for transcriptional activation and direct interaction with RpoA from agrobacterium

Yinping Qin, Zhao-Qing Luo, and Stephen K. Farrand

Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801

Corresponding Author: stephenf{at}uiuc.edu

TraR, a quorum-sensing activator, induces transcription from its binding site, the tra-box, located upstream of Ti plasmid target promoters. TraR activated expression of a lacZ reporter in Escherichia coli only when RpoAAt from Agrobacterium tumefaciens was co-expressed. As assessed by gel retardation assays RpoAAt, but not RpoAEc formed a ternary complex with TraR and a tra-box probe in vitro. TraR formed similar ternary complexes with alpha CTDAt but not with alpha NTDAt, the C- and N-terminal segments of RpoAAt. As measured by surface plasmon resonance refractometry TraR interacted directly with RpoAAt with an affinity about five times greater than that observed for its interaction with RpoA Ec. The activator interacted with alpha CTDAt with kinetics and affinities similar to those of the full-sized - alpha subunit. Positive-control (PC) mutations at Asp-10 and Gly-123 of TraR did not affect DNA binding but greatly decreased the TraR-RpoAAt interaction. These two residues combine to form two patches on the activator one of which may be involved in interaction with RpoA. When co-expressed, mutants of TraR with substitutions at Asp-10 complemented mutants with substitutions at Gly-123 for gene activation in an allele-specific manner. Co-expression studies with TraR and its PC mutants, and also with complementing PC alleles of TraR, coupled with three-dimensional structure are consistent with a hypothesis that both Asp-10/Gly-123 patches are required for activator function.


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