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  1. ...the plasmamembrane and endomembranes. Althoughmammalian Ctr1 functions as a Cu transporter for Cu acquisition and is essential for embryonic development, a homologous protein, Ctr2, has been proposed to function as a low-affinity Cu transporter, a lysosomal Cu exporter, or a regulator of Ctr1 activity, but its ~~~
  2. ...M470 motif with a Cu(I) binding site that resembles the low-affinity copper binding sites of the copper transport protein Ctr1 (1114). Despite the past success in identifying the key physiological binding partners and substrates of BACE1 (15), relatively little is known about the assembly ~~~
  3. ...the membrane transporter Ctr1 (9, 14, 15). The second domain (D2) possesses significant sequence and structural similarity with Sod1 that permits it to mediate interaction with the immature molecule via residues analogous to those found at the Sod1 homodimeric interface (8, 16-19). Like D2, the Cterminal ~~~
  4. ...-, threonine-, and proline-rich repeating region called the CTR, which is further divided into CTR1 and CTR2 based on repeating amino acid sequences (11, 32). CTR1 can be phosphorylated by P-TEFb at Thr-4 of the consensus repeat GS(R/Q)TP, and this phosphorylation is critical for DSIF-mediated stimulation ~~~
  5. ...are involved in physiological processes that are indispensable for life. Consequently, copper deficiency is deleterious and can result in death (1, 2). Copper is transported into cells predominantly by a copper transporter, CTR1. This process is facilitated by intracellular glutathione (3). Excess copper ~~~
  6. ...acquisition, cardiac function, neuropeptide biogenesis, and other critical physiological processes. Ctr1 is a high affinity Cu+ transporter on the plasma membrane and endosomes that exists as a full-length protein and a truncated form of Ctr1 lacking the methionine- and histidine-rich metal-binding ectodomain ~~~
  7. ...RI and PstI sites of the pCM64-lacZ vector (28). pCM64-FET3-lacZ and pCM64-CTR1-lacZ reporter plasmids (29, 30) determined FET3 and CTR1 gene expression, respectively. A reporter plasmid containing unfolded protein response elements (UPRE) was described previously (31). p316GALlcc1 plasmid contains a gene ~~~
  8. ...), and the high affinity copper transporter Ctr1 (Fig. 1C and supplemental Table 1) (7, 33, 34). The lysines modified by ubiquitin in PM proteins were exclusively located in the cytosolic loops of the proteins, and no structurally incoherent sites (located in intramembrane or extracellular loops) were identified ~~~
  9. ...MRPL27 MMT2 AIM13 MCS19 5 Transporters TRK1 CTR1 GUP1 HXT12 AQR1 TFP3 ATP15 RTC2 SPF1 COD1 6 Functionally unrelated other IRA1 NPL3 RMD7 SER2 PAC10 KAR3 NCL1 NPL6 BUB1 SPC72 MOG1 FYV6 SDL1 TRP1 NIS1 MKT1 CTK1 TRX3 RPL21A ERF2 CAT2 GSH1 SLI15 NHP10 KEM1 SCS2 POC4 ~~~
  10. ...Late pass Early pass Late pass Early pass IR 1 5 0 5 1 5 0 5 1 5 0 5 cell surface IR 150 100 60 kDa 60 kDa 140 kDa 140 kDa Akt pAkt eNOS peNOS H2O2 H2O2Ctr Ctr insulin ita pAkt Akt H2O2 H2O2Ctr Ctr insulin 1 5 0 5 2 1 5 0 5 peNOS eNOS H2O2 H2O2Ctr Ctr insulin H2O2Ctr 1 5 0 5 IRS1 H2O2Ctr ~~~
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